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Chelmsford town is located in Massachusetts, United States. It lies along Route 495 and it is approximately 30 miles away from Boston. The closest big city is Lowell that is only 4 miles away from Chelmsford, providing jobs, schooling and recreational activities for the residents of Chelmsford. The total area of town is 23.2 square miles and 2,29% of it is water. Merrimack River and Concord River border the town. The northern part of Chelmsford is industrial while the south remained rural. The center of town is called the Center Square or as locals refer to it, the ‘Chicken Corner’.
The area has a humid continental climate where summers are warm and humid and winters are cold, windy and snowy.
The first settlers came to the area of town around the 1600’s. The town was then incorporated in May 1655, by the General Court of Massachusetts. It was named after Chelmsford in England. In the early ages, its economy was fuelled by kilns, limestone quarries and lumber mills. Lowell, near Chelmsford, was part of Chelmsford too - known as East-Chelmsford, and was only incorporated as an independent farming town in 1820, but later on it became one of the first large-scale industrial towns due to its importance in the Industrial Revolution.
At the Census held in 2000, 33,858 people were living in Chelmsford. This included 12,812 households and 9,301 families. The population density was 1,495 persons per square mile, and the density of population units was 575.1 per square mile.
The population consisted of 25% under the age of 18, 5.2% between 18 and 24, 30.9% between 25 and 44, 25.9% between 45 and 64 and 13% was 65 years old or older.
The median household income was $70,207, the median family income was $82,676 at the time of the census. About 2.8% of the population was living under the poverty line.
Chelmsford uses the representative town meeting model, where the meeting is the legislative part and the Board of Selectmen represents the executive part of the government. The Town Accountant, Town Manager and Town Counsel supports the work of the Board of Selectmen. The current Board of Selectmen consists of Matt Hanson Chair (2016), Laura Merrill (2015), Janet Askenburg (2016), George Dixon (2015), and Bob Joyce (2017). The Town Manager is Paul Cohen.
Chelmsford has a public school district that educates children from pre-kindergarten through the twelfth grade. There are three otherelementary schools in town: Byam Elementary schools with 536 students, Center Elementary School with 520 students and South Row with approximately 470 students. There are also two middle schools in Chelmsford, McCarthy Middle School and Colonel Moses Parker Middle School. After that, children can attend the only high school in town, the Chelmsford High School that has 1,641 students currently. According to Boston Magazine, this high school in ranked 66th out of the total 150 public schools in Massachusetts.
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The manner of setting forms for the pier foundations or footings and the piers themselves are identical, as they are both battered on all sides. The most common practice is to build two opposite sides true to line and set them in place, then the two remaining sides are simply boarded up and studs set in place at the corners. The entire form must be rigidly braced from without and the concrete forms tightly wired together either by using ties running diagonally from corner to corner through the pier, or by providing collars at stated intervals up the form on the outside. These may be made of several strands of wire or lumber which is tightly wedged in place. Form lumber should be of tongued and grooved material. The concrete in the footings should be mixed in proportions of 1: 2:4, being 1 part of portland cement, 2 parts of sand, and 4 parts of broken stone or gravel, ranging in size from Y4 inch to 2 inches. The pier or post concrete should be mixed in proportions of 1:2: 332, being 1 part of portland cement, 2 parts of sand, and 32 parts of broken stone or gravel, graded in size from Y4 inch to 1/ inches. The placing of the concrete should be done slowly, as large batches deposited suddenly will often spring the forms and cause them to leak. The pier footings should be allowed to set thoroughly before the forms are set for the posts. When the footings are poured, set two-foot dowels, as indicated in the plan. To these the post reinforcing must be securely wired before the concrete is poured. Iron piping is not good reinforcing material, nor is wire fencing. Use only approved soft steel rods, and take pains to keep them free from rust, oil and dirt, to insure a satisfactory bond with the concrete.
In setting anchor bolts a template should be made from which they may be hung. This template must be securely fastened to the wall form at the exact location required, in reference to those on other piers and height above the footing, to insure a fit with the holes provided in the steel or timber superstructure. To allow a little leeway in making the fit it is a good plan to provide anchor bolts threaded to a point which will be eight or ten inches below the surface of the concrete. A nut and washer are placed at this point, and a piece of pipe about twice the diameter of the anchor bolt and long enough to reach to the top of concrete is set over it. This will permit the bolt being pried a bit in any direction. The completed work should be allowed to cure for at least three weeks before the weight of the superstructure is placed upon it. The forms should not be removed for a week, and when they are, an abrasive stone may be used to erase the form marks and improve the appearance. The design of foundations of this nature is extremely important, and consequently it is best to have the concrete work planned and designed by a competent engineer or architect who will be able to assure its strength and usability. You must use a beveled 2"x4" set into footing, when withdrawn, provides s strong keyway. Foundations for buildings, whatever their type or purpose, should extend below the frost line to eliminate the possibility of movement due to frost action.
Attention must be given to the nature of the soil upon which the building is to be erected. The table given on the next page will be useful in determining whether or not the foundation will be firm. Settlement must be guarded against, and to this end determine the bearing value of the soil at all parts of the foundation. Where soft spots occur they may be bridged by the use of reinforcement near the bottom of the footing concrete. Spread footings are essential in practically all cases, for they add greatly to the stability of the structure, and in the building of basements they provide a shelf upon which to lay the concrete floor. In the erection of wall forms they provide a firm and even base upon which to work, and by the use of dowels or keyways firmly anchor the base of the wall in place, this giving ample insurance against springing walls under pressure from without.
Cutting and/or enlarging door, window and bulkhead openings in concrete foundations.
Cutting 1" to 24" diameter perfectly round core holes for electrical, plumbing or vents in concrete floors and foundations.
Cutting and dicing concrete floors, concrete walkways, concrete patios or concrete pool decks for easy removal and/or neat patching.
Cutting trenches in concrete floors for plumbing, electrical, sump pumps, French drains or other utilities.
We cut and remove concrete, stone or masonry walls, floors, walkways, patios and stairs.