Concrete Cutting Cutter Westwood MA Mass Massachusetts

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Are You in Westwood Massachusetts? Do You Need Concrete Cutting?

Call 800-799-9151

Grades of steel used in reinforced concrete range from soft to fairly hard. These grades of steel may be classified under three heads: soft, medium, and hard. Soft steel should have an ultimate strength of 50,000 to 60,000 pounds per square inch, and an elastic limit of 28,000 to 35,000 pounds per square inch. The elongation should be 25 percent in S inches; and the specimen should bend cold 180 degrees fiat on itself, without fracture on the outside. Medium steel, ordinary market steel has an ultimate strength of 60,000 to 70,000 pounds per square inch; and the elastic limit ranges from 35,000 to 40,000 pounds per square inch. The elongation should be 22 percent in 8 inches, and the specimen should bend cold around a diameter equal to the thickness of the piece tested. This steel is manufactured and sold under standard conditions, and usually it can safely be used without being tested. Rebar steel, better known as high-carbon steel, should have an ultimate strength of 85,000 to 105,000 pounds per square inch; and the elastic limit should be from 50,000 to 65,000 pounds per square inch. The elongation should not be less than 10 percent in 8 inches for a test piece - to inch in diameter. A test piece I inch in thickness should bend 100 degrees without fracture, around a diameter equal to its own. The high steel has a larger percentage of carbon than the medium steel, and therefore the yield point is higher. This steel is to be preferred for reinforced concrete work; but it should be thoroughly tested, as many engineers object to it on account of its brittleness and the poor quality of the material from which it is sometimes rolled. On account of its higher elastic limit, a smaller per4tage of steel is required; and when rolled under proper specifications and inspection, high steel is more economical for use than low-carbon steel. In high-carbon steel, the chemical properties should conform to the following limits: In comparing the two processes of making steel, the products of Bessemer steel found in the general market are apt to be extremely irregular in their composition, although they may be rolled into like forms and sold for the same purpose. Open-hearth products purchased in the open market and designed to serve the same purpose, are more uniform in quality. Test specimens cut from different parts of the same Bessemer steel plate, often show a wide difference in their mechanical properties. In the open-hearth steel, this wide difference is not found, this grade of steel being more homogeneous than the Bessemer plates. The reinforcing steel usually consists of small bars of such shape and size that they may easily be bent and placed in the concrete so as to form a monolithic structure. To distribute the stress in the concrete, and secure the necessary bond between the steel and concrete, the steel required must be supplied in comparatively small sections. All types of the regularly rolled small bars of square, round, and rectangular section, as well as some of the smaller section of structural steel, such as angles, T-bars, and channels, and also many special rolled bars, have been used for reinforcing concrete. These bars vary in size from 1inch for light construction, up to 2 inches for heavy beams, and up to 2 inches for large columns. In Europe, plain round bars have been extensively used for many years; and in the United States also, they have been extensively used, but not to the same extent as in Europe; that is, in America a very much larger percentage of work has been done with deformed bars. With plain bars, the transmission of stresses is dependent upon the adhesion between the concrete and the steel. Square and round bars show about the same adhesive strength, but the adhesive strength of flat bars is far below that of the round and square bars. The round bars are more convenient to handle and easier obtained, and have, therefore, generally been used when plain bars were desirable.

Westwood Massachusetts Concrete Cutting and Core Drilling