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Hamilton is a town in Massachusetts, located about 40 miles away from Boston in the northeast. It lies5 miles inland from the Massachusetts Bay. It is alargely rural town with easy access to the Atlantic Ocean. There are many historical buildings, old stone walls andpastoral landscapes in the town. The total area of Hamilton is 14.9 square miles of which almost 5% is water.
Due to the many horse farms in Hamilton, the town has a rich equestrian heritage. The Myopia Hunt Club holds equestrian events regularly, such as polo on Sundays.
The town otherwise is in a close relationship with the neighboring town, Wenham, as they share schooling system, public transport, library, and newspaper as well. Boston Magazine also realized this great tie between the two towns, and in 2010, Hamilton-Wenham was regarded one of the ‘Best Places to Live’ by the magazine.
Hamilton was first settled in 1368, when John Winthrop the Younger, son of the founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, purchased the territory from the chief of the Agawam Indian Tribe,Masconomet. The memorial stone of Mascnonomet is still standing on the Sagamore Hill.
Hamilton was originally a part of Ipswich, called ‘The Hamlet’. Then, the town was incorporated in 1793 with the name Hamilton, granted afterAlexander Hamilton. His portrait became the town’s seal in 1903.
The village became an attractive location for recreation for groups of Boston. As more and more people have beenvisiting the village, numerous active recreational activities and clubswere founded.
In 2014, there were 8,098. The population density was 571 people per square mile that make Hamilton the least densely populated village in the area. The population consisted of 29.2% under the age of 20, 10.2% between 20 and 29, 10.3% between 30 and 39, 14.2% between 40 and 49, 15.8% between 50 and 59, 9.3% between 60 and 69, and 10% who were 70 years old or older.
As of the census of 2010, the median household income was $72,000, and the median family income was $79,886. The per capita income in Hamilton was $33,222. Approximately 5.3% of the population was under the poverty line.
Hamilton shares the Hamilton-Wenham Regional School District with the neighboring Wenham. The schoolshowever,are mostly locatedin Hamilton. There are three elementary schools in the district. These are the Cutler Elementary School, the Buker Elementary School, and the Winthrop Elementary School. Hamilton and Wenham Shares one middle school, the Miles River Middle School. There is one high school in the region, the Hamilton-Wenham Regional High School.
There is also a private high school in Hamilton, the PingreeSchool thatis located on the historic PingreeFamily Estate. It was founded in 1961, by Mr. Sumner and Mrs. Mary Pingree. The school became coeducational in 1971.
Boston is connected to Hamilton by the MBTA Commuter Railway on its Newbury branch of the Newburyport—Rockport Line. Route 128, 1A and 22 connects Hamilton with the surrounding settlements. The nearest international airport is Boston's Logan International Airport.
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Stresses in Diagonal Tension Reinforcement
No entirely satisfactory and consistent theory of the action of web reinforcement of concrete beams has yet been devised and very likely never will be. The usual methods as here presented are frankly approximate, little more than empirical rules that experience shows give safe and reasonably economical results. The center stirrup of the three shown in Fig. 28 may be assumed to carry all, or part, of the vertical component of diagonal tension acting in the distance m along the 45 degree line of potential rupture. The horizontal opening of the crack is prevented by the longitudinal steel which may be considered, accordingly, to carry the horizontal component of the inclined tension. To rate the stirrup as carrying the entire vertical load is determined by the strength of both the steel reinforcing being used and the concrete. The development of the American Portland Cement industry during the past decade has been one of the marvels of the age, and while Portland Cement Concrete has come to be recognized as the ideal building material for heavy work, comparatively little attention has been given to its use in the small construction about the home and on the farm. That active interest, however, is taken in this important subject by the suburbanite, the villager, and the farmer, is evidenced by the large number of letters of inquiry received by the agricultural and technical journals. During the past few years the price of lumber has advanced to almost prohibitive figures, and it is therefore only natural that a substitute material which affords the advantages of moderate cost, durability, and beauty should: be looked upon with favor. It is not our purpose to enlarge upon the uses for which Portland Cement is now considered standard, but rather to direct attention to the economy of supplanting wood, brick, and cut stone in divers ways by the more durable, attractive, and sanitary.
In the following pages we shall endeavor to point out, in language free from technical terms, some of the uses for which Portland Cement Concrete is especially adapted.
After making two or CIRCULAR more forms, place them at equal distances apart, and put on these boards are called concrete forms. The quantity of tools will, of course, vary with the size of TOOLS AND the gang of men. The following schedule is based on a small APPARATUS gang of two or three men, making concrete by hand: Concrete construction dates back to the time of the Romans, who secured good results from a mixture of slaked lime, volcanic dust, sand and broken stone. Even this combination, crude in comparison with Portland Cement Concrete, produced an artificial stone which has stood the test of nearly two thousand years, as evidenced by many works in Rome which are to-day in a perfect state of preservation. "Portland Cement" is an invention of modern times—its universal use the matter of a quarter of a century. The honor of its discovery belongs to Joseph Aspdin, of Leeds, England, who took out a patent in 1824 for the manufacture of "Portland Cement," so called because of its resemblance, in color, to a then popular limestone quarried on the Island of Portland. Manufacture was begun in 1825, but progress was slow until about 1850, when, through improved methods and general recognition of its merits as a building material, commercial success was assured. About this time the manufacture of Portland cement was taken up in earnest by the French and Germans, and, by reason of their more scientific efforts, both the method of manufacture and quality of the finished product was greatly improved. Portland cement was first brought to the United States in 1865. It was first manufactured in this country in 1872, but not until 1896 did the annual domestic production reach the million-barrel mark.
Cutting and/or enlarging door, window and bulkhead openings in concrete foundations.
Cutting 1" to 24" diameter perfectly round core holes for electrical, plumbing or vents in concrete floors and foundations.
Cutting and dicing concrete floors, concrete walkways, concrete patios or concrete pool decks for easy removal and/or neat patching.
Cutting trenches in concrete floors for plumbing, electrical, sump pumps, French drains or other utilities.
We cut and remove concrete, stone or masonry walls, floors, walkways, patios and stairs.